viernes, 31 de marzo de 2017

Desde Investopedia

TERM OF THE DAY

Profitability Index
The profitability index is an index that attempts to identify the relationship between the costs and benefits of a proposed project through the use of a ratio calculated as:


Profitability



PV of future cash flows/Investment


A ratio of 1.0 is logically the lowest acceptable measure on the index, as any value lower than 1.0 would indicate that the project's PV is less than the initial investment. As values on the profitability index increase, so does the financial attractiveness of the proposed project.
Breaking it Down:
Profitability index is an appraisal technique applied to potential capital outlays. The technique divides the projected capital inflow by the projected capital... Read More

Desde HBR


Create an Ad Hoc Leadership Circle to Generate New Ideas


When leaders need innovative ideas to grow their company, they often turn to their direct reports for guidance. But this group, by design, represents the current operating units and functions, which often have a status quo to defend. So when you need creative thinking, try forming a leadership circle, a diverse, ad hoc team of 15–18 people from throughout the company who can work together for about six months. The circle should focus on the future, not the past, and healthy debate should be encouraged. Within the circle, each member should hold equal status and should not feel that he or she is being asked to represent the point of view of accounting, sales, shipping, or whatever their home department is. Most important, whatever ideas come out of a leadership circle should be handled in the same way they were generated: They should be rigorously and systematically discussed, debated, and explored.

Desde FUSADES

jueves, 30 de marzo de 2017

Desde HBR


3 Ways to Counteract a Negative Relationship with Your Boss


Everyone wants to feel respected by their manager, but over half of employees say they don’t. What do you do if you’re in that unfortunate majority? Try these three things:
  • Manage your energySleep, exercise, good nutrition, and stress management can help to ward off the negative effects of being disrespected by your boss.
  • Seek positive relationships. Negative, draining relationships have an effect on your sense of thriving that is four to seven times the effect of energizing, positive ones. To offset the drain of people who pull you down, surround yourself with a small group of energizers — the people in your life who make you smile and laugh and lift your spirit.
  • Thrive outside work. If you’re happy in your non-work life, you’re more likely to thrive at the office, no matter what your boss thinks of you. This is because enjoying yourself outside work increases your emotional reserves and gives you a sense of growth and learning. Think  about what will make you happier outside the office, and start doing it.

Desde FUSADES

miércoles, 29 de marzo de 2017

Desde IFAC

Future of Accounting Profession: Three Major Changes and Implications for Teaching and Research

by Muhammad Azizul Islam, PhD (RMIT), CPA (Australia), CA (CA ANZ) Associate Professor & Team Leader of Accounting for Social and Environmental Sustainability Research Group, School of Accountancy, QUT, Brisbane, Australia | February 10, 2017 | 
The accounting profession will face significant changes in the next three decades, and professional organizations, their members, and educational institutions should respond. The three changes—evolving smart and digital technology, continued globalization of reporting/disclosure standards, and new forms of regulation—are also major challenges for the profession. Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA) research—Drivers of Change and Future Skills—has explored these important changes, expected to be encountered by the year 2025. Three are highlighted here:
First, accountants will use increasingly sophisticated and smart technologies to enhance their traditional ways of working, and these technologies might even replace the traditional approach (see “The End of the Accounting Profession as We Know It?”). Smart software systems (including cloud computing) will support the trend toward outsourcing services (including more overseas outsourcing), and greater use of social media via smart technology will improve collaboration, disclosure, engagement with stakeholders and broader communities (see ACCA research, above). Social media (including Facebook, Twitter, and Google search) will reveal more data (including alternative reporting, see BHP Billiton Annual Report 2012) than any corporate assurance report and stakeholders will use tools to interpret “big data” (see ACCA’s Big Data: It’s Power and Perils).  
Second, continued globalization will create more opportunities and challenges for members of the accounting profession. While globalization encourages the free flow of money from one capital market to another, enhanced overseas outsourcing activities and the transfer of technical and professional skills will simultaneously continue to pose threats to resolving local problems (with different cultural, financial, and tax systems). Accounting firms in the US, EU, and Australia are outsourcing services to India and China for the purpose of cost minimization, which will create a shift in employment within the accounting industry in the West. As globalization has already been negatively impacted by Brexit and Trump’s presidential victory, accounting professionals are likely to see themselves having a role in this transformation (see Economist and ABC articles).
Third, increased regulation, and the associated disclosure rules, will have the greatest impact on the profession for years to come. For example, increased regulation is imminent because of massive tax avoidance, transfer pricing, and money laundering as exposed via the panama papers (see Guardian series). Many professional (tax) accountants will be affected by intergovernmental tax action to limit base erosion and profit-shifting.
Additionally, because of greater public pressures and stakeholder expectations, social and environmental considerations are getting importance alongside economic concerns in contemporary organizations. We see a range of stakeholder groups[i] including shareholders, workers, governments or regulators, non-governmental organizations, media, and the community have a growing interest in organizational social and environmental issues. Because of the widespread stakeholder concern and associated regulations toward social and environmental considerations, contemporary organizations are facing challenges to find sustainable solutions to deal with the complexity of integrating financial, social, and environmental performance. Quite tied to this, new forms of regulation (such as integrated reporting , which is required for South African-listed companies, and supply chain transparency disclosures, which are required for many California-based companies) are emerging and members of accounting organizations are already engaged in this transformation (see Journal of Business Ethics Study and ACCA report, above).
The regulatory concern for different social and environmental issues, along with the associated measurement and reporting complexities of these issues, has allowed accounting professionals to open their minds to the possibility that accounting has the capacity to change. The important implication is that all professional accountants will be expected to look beyond the numbers, which will, in turn, enhance collaborations among members of multiple professions, including accountants, doctors, lawyers, environmental scientist, sociologists, and so on.
Implications for Teaching
Future accountants will increasingly need education in digital technology (including cloud computing and use of big data), globalization (outsourcing of accounting services), and evolving regulations (tax regulation, new forms of corporate reporting, integrated reporting regulation, and so on). The ACCA report revealed that knowledge of digital technologies is the key competency area where professional accountants have skill gaps. At present, accountants lack knowledge in transformation of new disclosure regulations, new forms of disclosures, and awareness of the interconnectedness of financial and non-financial reporting. Professional accountants will need the skills to provide more all-inclusive corporate reporting, which tells less about the numbers and more about the narrative of the organization.
Unfortunately, at the moment, few universities have developed curriculums for accounting students in line with their future needs. Universities will need to develop or incorporate new units, such as cloud computing, big data, digital technology, integrated reporting, carbon emission accounting, and so on for accounting students. Professional accounting organizations should consult with universities to collate experts/lecturers in the new areas and run new courses. At the same time, universities should either invest in existing faculty members for training and learning or recruit experts to coordinate and lecture new units.
Implications for Research
Big accounting firms are conducting surveys on cloud computing, big data, technological change, new forms of fraud and corruption, and corporate sustainability in order to address the ongoing and future opportunities and challenges facing the profession.
KPMG, for example, has produced survey reports on cloud computing, fraud/corruption/bribery, corporate sustainability, and .
A growing number of accounting academics are investigating more narrative corporate reporting. A growing number of accounting academics and their PhD students are looking at social and environmental sustainability issues and the associated global frameworks, such as Global Reporting Initiative Standards, , the UN Global Compact, Social Accountability, and so on. Accounting researchers are organizing some national and international conferences, such as CSEAR and APIRA, to disseminate their findings to the wider community.
Professional accounting organizations, including Chartered Accountants Australia and New Zealand, CPA Australia, and the ACCA (UK) are providing seed funding to academic researchers to investigate issues in line with future economic, technological, social, and environmental changes.
Despite ongoing efforts by professional accounting organizations and academic researchers, there is a surprising gap in research that deals with the changes that will impact accountants and professional accounting organizations. Future research should drive industry collaborations and collaborations between inter-disciplinary academic researchers in order to reveal strategic responses to and pro-active strategies on changes in digital technology, the continued globalization of standards, and new forms of regulation and associated stakeholder expectations.

martes, 28 de marzo de 2017

Desde Observatorio ITESM

Rafael Reif: "Si no sabemos cómo aprendemos, ¿cómo vamos a saber cómo enseñar?"

Times Higher Education

Tan solo unos meses después de que L. Rafael Reif se convirtiera en rector del MIT en el 2005, se encontró con un grave problema: un número considerable de estudiantes no asistían a clases. Al investigar el tema, encontró que muchos de ellos estaban evitando el estudio formal para trabajar en equipo en sus propios proyectos usando materiales del OpenCourseWare, la biblioteca en línea de la universidad. "Vi el futuro - eso es todo", dijo Reif. El descubrimiento llevó al modelo actual de enseñanza del MIT y al lanzamiento de MITx. Ahora, el gigante de la investigación está trabajando para mejorar la práctica de la enseñanza.

Desde Investopedia

TERM OF THE DAY

Operating Ratio
The operating ratio shows the efficiency of a company's management by comparing operating expense to net sales. The smaller the ratio, the greater the organization's ability to generate profit if revenues decrease. When using this ratio, however, investors should be aware that it doesn't take debt repayment or expansion into account.


Operating Ratio

Breaking it Down:
Analysts have many ways of analyzing performance trends. One of the most popular, because it concentrates on... Read More

Desde HBR


Don’t Share Office Gossip with Your New Coworker


It might be tempting to bend your new coworker’s ear and let him in on all of the office dirt. You may even think you’re helping him out by giving him the inside scoop. But sharing the ins and outs of office politics with the newcomer isn’t always advisable. Doing so could reflect badly on you and bias him against his new coworkers. Of course you can help your new colleague get acclimated to the office, but check your motives first. Are you trying to make life easier for him, or get him on your side? Even if your intentions are positive, carefully choose the information you share. After all, you don’t know what your new colleague might tell others, exposing you and possibly damaging your reputation. Follow this simple rule: Only share what you would be comfortable sharing with everyone. Act as if everybody’s listening.

Desde IFAC



 
A round-up of the latest original content and resources from the Global Knowledge Gateway.
 
 

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